Pakistan under Climate Change Patterns: Challenges for Security and Survival
Keywords:
Climate Change, Pakistan, Security, Survival, ChallengesAbstract
In the twenty-first century, climate change has evolved from an environmental problem into a non-traditional security challenge, particularly for fragile states like Pakistan. Intensifying climatic variations such as changing temperature, rainfall patterns, floods, and heat waves, are compounding socio-economic pressures as well as generating new vulnerabilities. These impacts erode Pakistan's economic, strategic and environmental security. That places unprecedented stress on state institutions, thus undermining the foundation of the state’s stability, legitimacy, and continuity. Against this backdrop, this research aims to examine how rapidly changing climate patterns in Pakistan are reshaping the national security structure and posing threats to the state’s survival. Guided by the Human Security Paradigm and State Survival Theory, this study argues that climate change weakens the state's security and capacity to deliver essential services by constraining individual and institutional resilience. The research applies qualitative and exploratory methodology to interpret the data. The findings identify that climate change posing threats to security and survival. By positioning Pakistan as a crucial case, the climate-induced vulnerabilities intersect with national security and survival in recent times.
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